临床神经生理学

脑电图

脑电图（EEG）是一项良好的电诊断测试，涉及将多个电极放在头皮上并记录大脑活动。脑电图的常见诊断用途是建立癫痫发作或癫痫发作类型或法术（阵发性疾病）的诊断，而原因尚不清楚。脑电图还可以用于评估大脑的脑炎，脑病和退化性疾病。

脑电图技术专家进行测试。测试需要60到90分钟。有时，当患者入睡时可能会记录记录。这可能需要患者服用温和的镇静剂和/或被剥夺睡眠以进行测试。

诱发潜力

诱发电位是从大脑，脊髓或周围神经记录的电响应，外部刺激引起了视觉系统，听觉系统或体感系统。表面记录电极放在头皮，颈或脊柱上，具体取决于要记录的特定类型和响应。

视觉诱发响应（VEP）

This visual evoked responses test examines the integrity of the visual pathway from the retina to the occipital cortex of the brain. The patient is asked to fixate on a video screen and watch an alternating checkerboard pattern. The testing should be done with eyeglasses if required by the patient. Each eye is tested separately. The test takes about 45 minutes to 1 hour. It is used commonly for the potential diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis but also to assess complaints of visual disturbances or suspected abnormalities in visual pathway function.

脑干听觉引起的反应（Baer）

脑干听觉诱发反应测试检查了脑干中听觉途径的完整性。通过一系列点击声音产生的电响应在穿过听觉神经，脑干并进入听觉皮层时记录了它们。耳朵分别测试。测试大约需要45分钟至1小时。HE测试通常用于评估听力问题，头晕，可疑的脑干病变和怀疑多发性硬化症。

Somatosensory Evoked Responses (SEP)

体感诱发的反应测试测试从四肢，脊髓和大脑的感觉皮层中评估了感官系统。录音可以来自手臂，腿或两者兼而有之。将刺激应用于手腕或脚踝，导致肌肉抽搐。然后记录传输到大脑的脉冲。SEP通常用于评估脊髓，周围神经或可能多发性硬化症的可疑异常。

24小时门诊脑电图

For this test, electrodes are placed on the scalp and the patient carries a small recorder that is wired to the scalp electrodes. Brain activity is then recorded for a 24 hour period. Patients are required to keep a diary to try and determine if any of their symptoms are related to any abnormal brain activity. This test is useful for a diagnosis of unexplained spells and to determine if patients are having frequent seizures that they are not aware of.

Nerve conduction studies (NCS)

神经传导研究（NCS）是用于评估周围神经功能的测试。短暂的低强度电流应用于单个神经，并将记录电极放在皮肤表面上。该测试由技术人员或医师进行。医师提供了测试的解释。

肌电图（EMG）

肌电图（EMG）is a test used to assess disorders of muscles or nerves. A thin electrode is inserted into the muscle. It records responses both at rest and during contraction of the muscle. Disposable (non-reusable) sterile needles are used and there is no risk of transmission of infectious diseases. The test is performed and interpreted by a physician.

NCS和针EMG通常用于评估：

• 腕管综合症
• compressive or traumatic peripheral nerve injuries
• 神经病
• 肌肉疾病（肌病）
• 疗法性重症和肌萎缩性侧索硬化症（Lou Gehrig病）

EMG和NC在皇家禧年医院，，，，维多利亚综合医院在纳奈莫Regional General Hospital。

Electronystagmogram (ENG)

The purpose of the ENG is to determine whether or not dizziness may be due to a problem within the vestibular/balance system.

ENG测试需要什么？

技术专家将有一个简短的病史。Eng有三个主要部分。跟踪测试评估眼睛遵循视觉目标时的运动。位置测试着眼于与位置变化相关的眼睛运动。热量测试*测量对耳朵中温暖和凉水或空气的反应。

*If the temperature of the ear canal is warmed or cooled, we should see a reflex movement of the eyes. The reflex is a side-to-side eye movement which is called a nystagmus. When the reflex occurs, your eyes are moving involuntarily and you may perceive this as dizziness. The dizzy feeling typically stops well before you are sent home.

ENG测试受伤了吗？

不。

Are there any after effects from an ENG test?

Some people may still be a little dizzy when the test is completed. It is advisable to have someone available to drive you home in case this happens to you.

是否有ENG测试的准备？

是的。

Certain medications affect this test and need to be stopped 48 hours prior to the procedure. Check with the specialist who ordered the test whether you need to discontinue any of your medications.

在您与医生检查安全性之前，请勿停止任何药物。测试前还应停用酒精和咖啡因48小时。请记住，测试当天不要穿睫毛膏或眼线笔。